Humidification Using Nafion Membranes

A fuel cell produces electricity, water and heat by combining hydrogen and oxygen. As the hydrogen flows into the fuel cell it is separated into electrons and protons. The hydrogen passes through a membrane and with the aid of a catalyst, combines with oxygen to produce electricity and water. This membrane must contain water so that the hydrogen ions can readily carry the charge.

Water management is essential to effective operation of a PEM fuel cell. Although some water is produced within the cell, it is carried out during the operation. The humidity of the gases must be carefully controlled. Too little water prevents the membrane from conducting the H+ ions and the cell current drops. Too much water causes the fuel cell to flood with liquid water and reduced the amount of oxygen that can reach the cathode catalyst sites.

Perma Pure humidifier design
 

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